Energy Poverty and Education: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia

Energy poverty in Indonesia has brought negative impacts on various sectors, including education which is the fourth target Sustainable Development Goals. This study explores how energy poverty, proxied by percentage of households consuming <32.4 kwh per month district or cities 2015 and 2017, affects education, average years schooling 2019. By applying 2SLS method, instrument variable approach used geographical characteristics an area mean elevation value districts to accurately predict impact schooling. The results show a negatively significant for both energy-poor condition. first condition (2015) shows that 0.993 year will be lost due poverty. Whereas second (2017), 0.164 lost. research also serves as empirical evidence does not directly affect Indonesia.